is used. It reflects
.
clear |
back |
dull |
high |
[a] |
► belLanguage Belarusian: так [tak] 🔈 |
► deuLanguage German: lahm [laːm] |
broad |
[ʌ] |
► engLanguage English: cat [kʌt] |
► finLanguage Finnish: leipä [ˈlɛɪ.pʌ] |
sharp |
high |
[o] |
► deuLanguage German: Hof [hoːf] |
► norLanguage Norwegian: språk [sproːk] |
broad |
[u] |
► deuLanguage German: Mut [muːt] |
► engLanguage English: boot [buːt] |
front |
dull |
high |
[e] |
► deuLanguage German: Beet [beːt] |
► slvLanguage Slovene: jezik [ˈjeː.zik] |
broad |
[i] |
► catLanguage Catalan: figa [ˈfiː.ga] |
► deuLanguage German: Lied [liːt] |
sharp |
high |
[ø] |
► deuLanguage German: Öse [ˈʔøː.zə] |
► sweLanguage Swedish: lördag [ˈløːr.dɑːɡ] |
broad |
[y] |
► deuLanguage German: süß [zyːs] |
► turLanguage Turkish: gün [gyn] |
pale |
back |
dull |
high |
[ᴀ] |
► deuLanguage German: Ast [ʔᴀst] |
► engLanguage English: bye [bᴀɪ] |
broad |
[ə] |
► deuLanguage German: Käse [ˈkeː.zə] 🔈 |
► sqiLanguage Albanian: zë [zə] |
sharp |
high |
[ɔ] |
► deuLanguage German: ob [ʔɔp] |
► estLanguage Estonian: kroom [krɔːm] |
broad |
[ʊ] |
► deuLanguage German: Butter [ˈbʊ.tɐ] 🔈 |
► ltzLanguage Luxembourgish: Sprooch [ʃpʀʊːx] |
front |
dull |
high |
[ɛ] |
► deuLanguage German: nett [nɛt] |
► srpLanguage Serbian: хлеб [xɫɛb] 🔈 |
broad |
[ɪ] |
► cesLanguage Czech: již [jɪʒ] |
► deuLanguage German: mit [mɪt] 🔈 |
sharp |
high |
[ɵ] |
► deuLanguage German: östlich [ˈʔɵst.lɪç] |
► norLanguage Norwegian: pølse [ˈpɵl.sɛ] |
broad |
[ʏ] |
► deuLanguage German: Hütte [ˈhʏ.tə] |
► islLanguage Icelandic: ostur [ˈʔɔs.tʏr] 🔈 |
dark |
back |
dull |
high |
[ɑ] |
► deuLanguage German: Harn [hɑʕn] |
► engLanguage English: barn [bɑːn] |
broad |
[ɐ] |
► danLanguage Danish: være [vɛːɐ] 🔈 |
► deuLanguage German: Tier [tiːɐ] |
sharp |
high |
[ɒ] |
► deuLanguage German: Born [bɒʕn] |
► engLanguage English: saw [sɒː] |
broad |
[ʉ] |
► danLanguage Danish: slurk [slʉʕk] |
► deuLanguage German: Durst [dʉʕst] 🔈 |
front |
dull |
high |
[ɜ] |
► deuLanguage German: Bern [bɜʕn] |
► engLanguage English: butter [ˈba.tɜ] |
broad |
[ɨ] |
► deuLanguage German: Wirt [vɨʕt] |
► engLanguage English: smirk [smɨːk] |
sharp |
high |
[ɞ] |
► deuLanguage German: Örtchen [ˈʔɞʕt.çn̩] |
► engLanguage English: learn [lɞːn] |
broad |
[ɤ] |
► danLanguage Danish: tyrk [tɤʕk] |
► deuLanguage German: türmen [ˈtɤʕ.mn̩] |
diphtong |
steady |
a-based |
[ᴀʊ] |
► deuLanguage German: Pauke [ˈpᴀʊ.kə] |
► estLanguage Estonian: laupäev [ˈlᴀʊ.pʌ.ɛv] |
[ᴀɪ] |
► deuLanguage German: Mai [mᴀɪ] |
► finLanguage Finnish: aika [ˈʔᴀɪ.ka] |
ə-based |
[əʊ] |
► engLanguage English GBRArea of use: Region Great Britain: home [həʊm] |
[əɪ] |
► estLanguage Estonian: päike [ˈpəɪ.kɛ] |
o-based |
[ɔʊ] |
► engLanguage English USAArea of use: Region America: home [hɔʊm] |
► zhoLanguage Chinese: 豆 dòu [dɔʊ˥˩] |
[ɔɪ] |
► deuLanguage German: Heu [hɔɪ] |
► mkdLanguage Macedonian: војна [ˈvɔɪ.na] |
u-based |
[ʊɪ] |
► deuLanguage German: pfui [pfʊɪ] |
► porLanguage Portuguese: muito [ˈmʊɪ.tɔ] |
e-based |
[ɛʊ] |
► mltLanguage Maltese: mewt [mɛʊt] |
► spaLanguage Spanish: Europa [ʔɛʊˈrɔ.pa] |
[ɛɪ] |
► deuLanguage German: hey [hɛɪ] |
► sweLanguage Swedish: nej [nɛɪ] 🔈 |
ø-based |
[ɵɪ] |
► nldLanguage Dutch: neus [nɵɪs] |
► sweLanguage Swedish: färöiska [ˈfɛː.rɵɪs.ka] |
y-based |
[ʏɪ] |
► rusLanguage Russian: мы [mʏɪ] |
► belLanguage Belarusian: бык [bʏɪk] |
front-heavy |
u-based |
[uːə] |
► engLanguage English GBRArea of use: Region Great Britain: tour [tuːə] |
► gleLanguage Irish: suas [suːəs] |
e-based |
[ɛːə] |
► engLanguage English GBRArea of use: Region Great Britain: air [ʔɛːə] |
i-based |
[iːə] |
► engLanguage English GBRArea of use: Region Great Britain: near [niːə] |
► gleLanguage Irish: bliain [bʲʎiːəɲ] |
nasal |
bilabial |
[m] |
► deuLanguage German: Meer [meːɐ] |
► hrvLanguage Croatian: maslac [ˈmaːs.ɫats] 🔈 |
alveolar |
[n] |
► deuLanguage German: Nase [ˈnaː.zə] |
► litLanguage Lithuanian: namas [ˈna.məs] |
retroflex |
[ɳ] |
► hinLanguage Hindi: ठंडा ṭhaṇḍā [ˈʈʰəɳ.ɖɑː] |
► nepLanguage Nepali: अण्डा aṇḍā [ˈʔaɳ.ɖɑ] |
palatal |
[ɲ] |
► belLanguage Belarusian: неба [ˈɲe.ba] |
► rusLanguage Russian: нет [ɲet] 🔈 |
velar |
[ŋ] |
► deuLanguage German: Gang [gᴀŋ] |
► vieLanguage Vietnamese: ngàn [ŋaːn˨˩] |
plosive |
bilabial |
fortis |
[p] |
► deuLanguage German: Park [pɑːk] |
► porLanguage Portuguese: pão [paʊŋ] 🔈 |
lenis |
[b] |
► danLanguage Danish: brød [bʀɵð] |
► deuLanguage German: Buch [buːx] 🔈 |
alveolar |
fortis |
[t] |
► deuLanguage German: Tisch [tɪʃ] |
► ellLanguage Greek: τυρί [tiˈriː] |
lenis |
[d] |
► deuLanguage German: Dose [ˈdoː.zə] |
► engLanguage English: disk [dɪsk] |
retroflex |
fortis |
[ʈ] |
► hinLanguage Hindi: टमाटर ṭamāṭar [ʈəˈmaː.ʈər] |
► nepLanguage Nepali: टोली ṭolī [ˈʈoː.liː] |
lenis |
[ɖ] |
► somLanguage Somali: dhul [ɖul] |
► urdLanguage Urdu: ڈَنْڈا ḍanḍā [ɖənˈɖa] |
palatal |
fortis |
[c] |
► gleLanguage Irish: teach [cax] |
► hunLanguage Hungarian: tyúk [cuːk] |
lenis |
[ɟ] |
► gleLanguage Irish: dia [ɟiːə] |
► hunLanguage Hungarian: gyom [ɟɔm] |
velar |
fortis |
[k] |
► deuLanguage German: kalt [kᴀlt] |
► turLanguage Turkish: kasım [kaˈsəm] |
lenis |
[g] |
► deuLanguage German: Gold [gɔlt] |
► mkdLanguage Macedonian: град [grat] |
uvular |
fortis |
[q] |
► araLanguage Arabic: قَلَم qalam [ˈqa.lam] 🔈 |
► tgkLanguage Tajik: қошуқ [ˈqɔ.ʃuk] |
lenis |
[ɢ] |
► pesLanguage Persian: غار ġār [ɢɒːr] |
glottal |
fortis |
[ʔ] |
► deuLanguage German: Esche [ˈʔɛ.ʃə] |
► itaLanguage Italian: uno [ˈʔuː.nɔ] 🔈 |
fricative |
labiodental |
fortis |
[f] |
► bosLanguage Bosnian: flaša [ˈfɫa.ʃa] |
► deuLanguage German: Fuß [fuːs] |
lenis |
[v] |
► deuLanguage German: Wald [vᴀlt] |
► norLanguage Norwegian: vegg [vɛg] |
dental |
fortis |
[θ] |
► islLanguage Icelandic: þú [θuː] |
► spaLanguage Spanish: ciudad [θjuˈðað] |
lenis |
[ð] |
► spaLanguage Spanish: dedo [ˈdɛ.ðɔ] |
► sqiLanguage Albanian: dhomë [ðɔm] |
alveolar |
fortis |
[s] |
► deuLanguage German: Smaragd [smᴀˈʀᴀkt] |
► litLanguage Lithuanian: sausis [ˈsaʊ.sɪs] |
lenis |
[z] |
► deuLanguage German: See [zeː] |
► lavLanguage Latvian: zivs [zivs] 🔈 |
postalveolar |
fortis |
[ʃ] |
► deuLanguage German: Schiff [ʃɪf] |
► srpLanguage Serbian: шест [ʃɛːst] |
lenis |
[ʒ] |
► bosLanguage Bosnian: žena [ˈʒɛː.na] |
► deuLanguage German: Journal [ʒʉʕˈnaːl] |
retroflex |
fortis |
[ʂ] |
► urdLanguage Urdu: کشٹ kaṣṭ [kəʂʈ] |
► zhoLanguage Chinese: 山 shān [ʂan˥] |
lenis |
[ʐ] |
► polLanguage Polish: żaba [ˈʐa.ba] |
► zhoLanguage Chinese: 人 rén [ʐɛn˧˥] |
prepalatal |
fortis |
[ɕ] |
► polLanguage Polish: świerk [ɕfjɛrk] |
► zhoLanguage Chinese: 西 xī [ɕiː˥] |
lenis |
[ʑ] |
► jpnLanguage Japanese: 時期 jiki [ˈdʑi.kʲi] |
► polLanguage Polish: źle [ʑlɛ] |
palatal |
fortis |
[ç] |
► deuLanguage German: Chemie [çɛˈmiː] |
► islLanguage Icelandic: hjól [çɔʊl] |
lenis |
[j] |
► deuLanguage German: ja [jaː] 🔈 |
► ltzLanguage Luxembourgish: jonk [jɔŋk] |
velar |
fortis |
[x] |
► deuLanguage German: Bach [bᴀx] |
► ukrLanguage Ukrainian: хустка [ˈxust.ka] |
lenis |
[ʀ] |
► deuLanguage German: rot [ʀoːt] 🔈 |
► hebLanguage Hebrew: רֹאשׁ roʾš [ʀɔʃ] |
uvular |
fortis |
[ħ] |
► araLanguage Arabic: حَالْ ḥāl [ħaːl] |
► somLanguage Somali: xood [ħoːd] |
lenis |
[ʕ] |
► araLanguage Arabic: عَقْرَبْ ʿaqrab [ˈʕaq.rab] |
► deuLanguage German: Hort [hɒʕt] |
glottal |
fortis |
[h] |
► deuLanguage German: Hut [huːt] |
► katLanguage Georgian: ჰავა hava [ˈha.va] |
percussive |
alveolar |
pulsative |
[r] |
► bulLanguage Bulgarian: резе [ˈrɛ.zɛ] |
► ronLanguage Romanian: rest [rɛst] |
retroflex |
pulsative |
[ɻ] |
► benLanguage Bengali: গাড়ি gaṛi [ˈɡa.ɻi] |
► hinLanguage Hindi: बड़ा baṛā [bəˈɻa] |
palatal |
pulsative |
[ɼ] |
► cesLanguage Czech: řeka [ˈɼɛ.ka] |
vibrant |
[ɹ] |
► slkLanguage Slovak: prst [pɹ̩st] |
► spaLanguage Spanish: rata [ˈɹa.ta] |
uvular |
vibrant |
[ʁ] |
► hyeLanguage Armenian: տղա tġa [dəˈʁɑ] |
► swaLanguage Swahili: ghali [ˈʁaː.li] |
diacritic |
voiceless |
[ ̥ ][ ̊ ] |
► deuLanguage German (synophone): Brache [ˈb̥ʀaː.xə] |
voiced |
[ ̬ ][ ̌ ] |
► deuLanguage German (synophone): Brache [ˈb̬ʀaː.xə] |
nasalised |
[˜] |
► fraLanguage French: arranger [ʔaˈʀᴀ̃ˈʒe] |
► polLanguage Polish: sprężarka [sprɛ̃ˈʐar.ka] |
postpositive |
long |
[ː] |
► catLanguage Catalan: jove [ˈʒoː.bə] |
► itaLanguage Italian: pane [ˈpaː.nɛ] |
aspirated |
[ʰ] |
► deuLanguage German: kahl [kʰaːl] |
► hinLanguage Hindi: थका thakā [ˈtʰa.kaː] |
palatalised |
[ʲ] |
► gleLanguage Irish: géag [gʲeːg] |
► rusLanguage Russian: мясо [ˈmʲa.sa] |
uvularised |
[ˁ] |
► araLanguage Arabic: طَالِبْ ṭālib [ˈtˤaː.lib] |
Carrier |
syllabic |
[ ̍ ][ ̩ ] |
► deuLanguage German: reden [ˈʀeː.dn̩] |
► slvLanguage Slovene: vrh [vɹ̩x] |
syllable |
unstressed |
[.] |
► deuLanguage German: koordinieren [koː.ɔʕ.diːˈniː.ʀn̩] |
► ronLanguage Romanian: persoană [pɛr.sɔˈaː.nə] |
primarily stressed |
[ˈ] |
► deuLanguage German: Sonne [ˈzɔ.nə] |
► ellLanguage Greek: τεχνικός [tɛx.niˈkɔs] |
secondarily stressed |
[ˌ] |
► estLanguage Estonian: vanaisa [ˈva.naˌi.sa] |
► finLanguage Finnish: sukunimi [ˈsu.kuˌni.mi] |
word |
separat |
[ ] |
► engLanguage English USAArea of use: Region America: not at all [nad ʔɛd ʔɒːl] |
► spaLanguage Spanish: la mano [la ˈma.nɔ] |
syllabic |
[_] |
► engLanguage English GBRArea of use: Region America: not at all [nɔt_ɛˈt‿ɒːl] |
► araLanguage Arabic: ٱَلْبَيْتْ ʹal-bait [ʔᴀl_ˈbᴀɪt] |
intrasyllabic |
[‿] |
tonal |
very high |
[˥] |
► vieLanguage Vietnamese: chính [cɨn˦˥] |
► zhoLanguage Chinese: 妈 mā [maː˥] |
high |
[˦] |
► vieLanguage Vietnamese: kẽm [kɛm˦ʔ˥] |
► zhoLanguage Chinese: 北 běi [bɛɪ˨˩˦] |
medium |
[˧] |
► vieLanguage Vietnamese: ba [baː˧] |
► zhoLanguage Chinese: 娘 niáng [njaŋ˧˥] |
low |
[˨] |
► vieLanguage Vietnamese: gạch [ʀajk˧˨ʔ] |
► zhoLanguage Chinese: 主 zhǔ [ʒuː˨˩˦] |
very low |
[˩] |
► vieLanguage Vietnamese: tàu [taw˨˩] |
► zhoLanguage Chinese: 万 mò [mɔː˥˩] |